Among the technologies for mitigating greenhouse gasses, carbon capture and storage (CCS)
and nuclear fusion are interesting in the long term. In several studies with time horizon 2050
CCS has been identified as an important technology, while nuclear fusion cannot become
commercially available before 2050. The modelling tools developed by the International
Energy Agency (IEA) Implementing Agreement ETSAP include both multi-regional global
and long-term energy models till 2100, as well as national or regional models with shorter
time horizons. Examples are the EFDA-TIMES model, focusing on nuclear fusion and the
Pan European TIMES model, respectively. In the next decades CCS can be a driver for the
development and expansion of large-scale district heating systems, which are currently
widespread in Europe, Korea and China, and with large potentials in North America. If
fusion will replace fossil fuel power plants with CCS in the second half of the century, the
same infrastructure for heat distribution can be used which will support the penetration of
both technologies. This paper will address the issue of infrastructure development and the use
of CCS and fusion technologies using the available models among the ETSAP tools.