• Publication 16 August 2021 The Long Road to a Common Understanding Article 6 of the Paris Agreement aims to increase NDC ambition by mitigating emissions through voluntary cooperation among Parties. Such cooperation is pursued in three different ways: 1) decentralized cooperative approaches that involveInternationally transferable mitigation outcomes (ITMOs, described in Art. 6.2), 2) a centralized mechanism that generates emission reductions and contributes to sustainable development (Art. 6.4) and/or 3) non-market approaches (Art. 6.8). The three approaches…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Guidance note on how to design transformational mitigation projects a checklist for project developers and managers There is a sense of urgency about what is needed to achieve transformational change. The global objective of stabilizing the amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere at a level that will prevent dangerous climate change requires immediate changes that go beyond sectoral or national borders and extend into the long-term future. This means large-scale transformations in human societies, from the way that we produce and consume energy to how we use the land surface. To achieve this…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Role of energy efficiency for sustainable energy for all: exploring synergies with renewable energy and energy access The global initiative Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) aims to ensure the global transition towards more sustainable energy services by 2030 through achievement of three interlinked objectives: 1) to ensure the universal access to modern energy services; 2) to double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency; and 3) to double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix. Very often energy access, energy efficiency and renewable energy are considered to be separate areas…
• Publication 16 August 2021 UN Environment Emissions Gap Report 2018 This is the 9th edition of the UN Environment Emissions Gap Report. It assesses the latest scientific studies on current and estimated future greenhouse gas emissions and compares these with the emission levels permissible for the world to progress on a least-cost pathway to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. This difference between “where we are likely to be and where we need to be” is known as the ‘emissions gap’. As in previous years, the report explores some of the most important…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Loss and Damage in the Paris Agreement’s Transparency Framework
• Publication 16 August 2021 Local stakeholder participation in CDM and new climate mitigation mechanisms – case study of a small scale hydropower project in China Public participation is recognized as a key principle for effective climate governance in Article 6 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In Warsaw 2013 the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP) decided that the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Executive Board should collect information on practices for local stakeholder consultation in collaboration with the Designated National Authorities (DNA) Forum and…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Sustainable Development Impacts of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions: An integrated approach to assessment of co-benefits based on experience with the Clean Development Mechanism Sustainable development priorities provide the context for Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) by developing countries. While methods exist to assess the sustainable development (SD) co-benefits of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects, no approach has yet been developed to assess the SD impacts of NAMAs. This paper argues for a new integrated approach to asses NAMAs’ SD impacts that consists of SD indicators, procedures for stakeholder involvement and safeguards against…
• Publication 16 August 2021 The Emissions Gap Report 2014 This fifth Emissions Gap report has a different focus from previous years. While it updates the 2020 emissions gap analysis, it gives particular attention to the implications of the global carbon dioxide emissions budget for staying within the 2 °C limit beyond 2020. It does so because countries are giving increasing attention to where they need to be in 2025, 2030 and beyond. Furthermore, this year’s update of the report benefits from the findings on the emissions budget from the latest series…

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