• Publication 16 August 2021 Increased transparency and documentation of private sector contributions to NDCs
• Publication 16 August 2021 Heat and health in the WHO European Region: updated evidence for effective prevention The WHO Regional Office for Europe published guidance on heat–health action planning in 2008, and intends to update this to include the latest evidence. An in-depth review was initiated, based on recent epidemiological and environmental research and lessons learned from implementation in practice. This publication collates and summarizes the most relevant evidence published since 2008, focusing primarily on Member States in the WHO European Region. Findings are organized around the elements the…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Analysis of the impact of heat waves on daily mortality in urban and rural areas in Madrid The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the effect of high temperatures on daily mortality in the urban and rural populations in Madrid. Data were analyzed from municipalities in Madrid with a population of over 10,000 inhabitants during the period from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2020. Four groups were generated: Urban Metropolitan Center, Rural Northern Mountains, Rural Center, and Southern Rural. The dependent variable used was the rate of daily mortality due to natural…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Poverty trap or means to escape poverty? Empirical evidence on the role of environmental income in rural Nepal Understanding how poverty persists and how this affects environmental reliance has policy implications for poverty reduction and environmental conservation. Employing a panel dataset from rural Nepal, we shed light on this issue, using a combination of parametric and nonparametric models. Results show that, as a population, households will converge at a single equilibrium point in the long term, hence indicating the absence of a poverty trap. The exact asset level of this single equilibrium…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Innovative Data-Centre Cooling Technologies in China – Liquid Cooling Solution
• Publication 16 August 2021 Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: exploring linkages with the Technology Needs Assessments This briefing note discusses key linkages between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the UNFCCC-mandated Technology Needs Assessments (TNAs), and the role of technology per se in achieving sustainable development. Reflecting on many years of experience in conducting TNAs, the brief concludes with some recommendations on how to sharpen the linkages between country-driven efforts to achieve climate-related SDGs, including how to link TNAs to specific SDG targets and indicators. In doing…
• Publication 16 August 2021 China's investments in renewable energy in Africa Investments in renewable energy are increasing rapidly in sub-Saharan Africa. The overall purpose of this paper is to explore to what extent and under what conditions these investments are producing economic co-benefits in terms of spillovers and linkage development effects. One peculiarity of Africa’s renewable-energy sector is the rapid increase and likely future growth of Chinese involvement in large-scale renewable-energy infrastructure projects. Insights from other infrastructure, utility…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Unpacking local agency in China–Africa relations: Frictional encounters and development outcomes of solar power in Kenya China is a ‘rising power’ in Africa, and growing Chinese investments in the renewable energy sector in SSA (e.g. in wind and solar) are gaining traction. The ways in which China is shaping low-carbon energy transitions in SSA and the implications of it doing so merit attention. While existing research has tended to focus on fossil fuels and hydropower, it is crucial to undertake analysis of Chinese-backed wind and solar projects and of the micro-level engagements of Sino-African actors in order…

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