• Publication 16 August 2021 Will there be cold-related mortality in Spain over the 2021–2050 and 2051–2100 time horizons despite the increase in temperatures as a consequence of climate change? Introduction: Global warming is resulting in an increase in temperatures which is set to become more marked by the end of the century and depends on the accelerating pace of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Yet even in this scenario, so-called “cold waves” will continue to be generated and have an impact on health. Objectives: This study sought to analyse the impact of cold waves on daily mortality at a provincial level in Spain over the 2021–2050 and 2051–2100 time horizons under…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Modeling global and regional potentials for building-integrated solar energy generation With the Paris Agreement coming into force, global efforts will need to maximize opportunities through energy efficiency and renewable energy generation. Zero energy/carbon initiatives are mushrooming worldwide, but it has not been fully understood which building types in which climates and under which conditions can potentially be built to net zero energy standards. In order to inform these efforts, a new model was developed to estimate the technical potential for building—integrated solar…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Identities, interests, and preferences matter: Fostering sustainable community development by building assets and agency in western Kenya The efficiency and sustainability of climate change adaptation projects depend on appropriate models and tools to take climate-smart practices to scale. This paper presents the “Building assets and agency” approach taken by the Accelerating Adoption of Agroforestry project whose objective is to scale the adoption of context-specific adaptation and mitigation options. Through the approach, communities are encouraged to identify, mobilise, and use their existing assets to define community plans…
• Publication 16 August 2021 A pathway design framework for national low greenhouse gas emission development strategies The Paris Agreement introduces long-term strategies as an instrument to inform progressively more ambitious emission reduction objectives, while holding development goals paramount in the context of national circumstances. In the lead up to the twenty-first Conference of the Parties, the Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project developed mid-century low-emission pathways for 16 countries, based on an innovative pathway design framework. In this Perspective, we describe this framework and show how…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Nitrogen turnover and N2O/N2 ratio of three contrasting tropical soils amended with biochar Biochar has been reported to reduce emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) from soils, but the mechanisms responsible remain fragmentary. For example, it is unclear how biochar effects on N2O emissions are mediated through biochar effects on soil gross N turnover rates. Hence, we conducted an incubation study with three contrasting agricultural soils from Kenya (an Acrisol cultivated for 10-years (Acrisol10); an Acrisol cultivated for over 100-years (Acrisol100); a Ferralsol cultivated for over 100…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Sustainability labelling as a tool for reporting the sustainable development impacts of climate actions relevant to Article 6 of the Paris Agreement The architecture of global carbon markets has changed significantly since the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals were both agreed in 2015. Voluntary, international cooperative approaches established in Article 6 of the Paris Agreement allow Parties to work together to achieve the targets set out in their respective Nationally Determined Contributions to limit global warming to an increase below 1.5–2 °C. In Article 6.4, a sustainable mitigation mechanism…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions from a field Ultisol amended with tithonia green manure, urea, and biochar Short-term mitigation of ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions by biochar soil amendments has been reported, but limited knowledge of the mechanisms, particularly those associated with long term changes, remain relatively unknown. In order to investigate potential mechanisms and residual effect of biochar on NH3 and N2O emission, a 3-year field trial was set up on an Ultisol in western Kenya with a three-replicate full factorial treatment structure. The factors investigated include…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Influence of urban form on the cooling effect of a small urban river Urban warming due to increased urbanization is becoming a serious environmental problem, requiring urban planners to consider heat mitigation strategies that reduce urban air temperature. Urban rivers play an important role in reducing urban heat through evaporation and transfer of sensible heat, known as the river cooling effect (RCE). We used detailed field measurements to calculate the river cooling intensity (RCI) and river cooling distance (RCD) for the Cheonggye River in Seoul, Korea in…

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