Showing 625 - 632 of 3625 results
- Publication 30 November 2022 Simulation of Optimal Decision-Making Under the Impacts of Climate Change Climate change causes transformations to the conditions of existing agricultural practices appointing farmers to continuously evaluate their agricultural strategies, e.g., towards optimising revenue. In this light, this paper presents a framework for applying Bayesian updating to simulate decision-making, reaction patterns and updating of beliefs among farmers in a developing country, when faced with the complexity of adapting agricultural systems to climate change. We apply the approach to a…
- Publication 30 November 2022 Cold-related mortality vs heat-related mortality in a changing climate: A case study in Vilnius (Lithuania) IntroductionDirect health effects of extreme temperatures are a significant environmental health problem in Lithuania, and could worsen further under climate change. This paper attempts to describe the change in environmental temperature conditions that the urban population of Vilnius could experience under climate change, and the effects such change could have on excess heat-related and cold-related mortality in two future periods within the 21st century. MethodsWe modelled the urban climate…
- Publication 30 November 2022 Technological shape and size: A disaggregated perspective on sectoral innovation systems in renewable electrification pathways The sectoral innovation system perspective has been developed as an analytical framework to analyse and understand innovation dynamics within and across various sectors. Most of the research conducted on sectoral innovation systems has focused on an aggregate-level analysis of entire sectors. This paper argues that a disaggregated (sub-sectoral) focus is more suited to policy-oriented work on the development and diffusion of renewable energy, particularly in countries with rapidly developing…
- Publication 30 November 2022 Measuring road space consumption by transport modes: Toward a standard spatial efficiency assessment method and an application to the development scenarios of Rajkot City, India The space “consumed” by various urban passenger transport modes varies greatly depending on the size and the speed of vehicles. Past studies have shown that public transport (PT) and non-motorized transport (NMT) can be up to 20 times more space-efficient compared to a typical car. This optimal use of space is of relevance in an urban context where space is often a constrained resource. Yet space used by vehicles is rarely assessed in the practice of transport planning. There exists no standard…
- Publication 30 November 2022 International cooperative initiatives and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change International cooperative initiatives (ICIs) are multi-country, multi-actor non-state actions that have the potential to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. The article summarizes the literature on estimates of emission reduction potentials attributed to ICIs. This summary highlights three key issues: there is a plethora of uncoordinated initiatives, often lacking specific, time-bound goals; to a greater or lesser extent most initiatives overlap with the activities conducted under the aegis…
- Publication 29 November 2022 Electric vehicles and India's low carbon passenger transport: A long-term co-benefits assessment Electric vehicles have attracted the attention of India’s policy makers as clean technology alternatives due to their multiple advantages like higher efficiency and lower air pollution in short to medium term and reduced CO2 emissions as electricity gets decarbonized in the long-run under low carbon scenarios. This paper uses an energy system model ANSWER-MARKAL to analyse the role of electric vehicles (EV) in India. The modelling assessment spans the period 2010 to 2050 and analyses future EV…
- Publication 29 November 2022 Evaluating multiple bioclimatic risks using Bayesian belief network to support urban tree management under climate change Understanding the vulnerability of trees affected by climate change is a key requirement for identifying management priorities and suggesting suitable urban tree species. To measure such vulnerability under changing climate conditions, indicators of bioclimatic characteristics should be identified and evaluated using past and current geographic growth ranges. However, although climate events often occur simultaneously (e.g., frost and drought), and management issues in this regard need to be…
- Publication 29 November 2022 How to Effectively Enhance Sustainable Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems: A Comparative Study from Western Kenya Increasing communities’ adaptive capacity is crucial to enhancing the sustainability of livelihoods and landscapes in smallholder systems. This study evaluates the contributions of an asset-based community-driven local development project, which has an objective to enhance farmer livelihoods through context-specific agricultural and agroforestry training, in line with farmers’ identities, interests, and preferences. The project was implemented in two areas of the wider Nyando river basin: the…