• Publication 16 August 2021 Electrification of Sub-Saharan Africa through PV/hybrid mini-grids: Reducing the gap between current business models and on-site experience The absence of publicly available up-to-date costs breakdown data on photovoltaic (PV)/hybrid mini-grids in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a barrier that needs to be resolved in order to overcome challenges in rural electrification planning, regulation, life-cycle operation, financing, and funding. The primary aim of this research is to provide better understanding of the cost structures of PV/hybrid mini-grid projects in Sub-Saharan Africa. The review on existing literature reveals significant…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Delivering market-based access to clean cooking fuel for displaced populations the Kigoma region, Tanzania: a business plan Two phases of a pilot scheme to supply LPG in the Nyarugusu refugee camp in 2017, and follow up research conducted by UNEP DTU Partnership, reveal a strong desire and willingness to pay (WTP) among refugee households for LPG as an alternative to traditional biomass for cooking. This reflects the relatively high financial and non-financial costs of woodfuel and charcoal use in the camp, which in turn is a function of the size and profile of the camp. Where there is awillingness to pay (WTP) for…
• Publication 16 August 2021 The Clean Development Mechanism Re-engineered The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) remains the only instrument that has been capable of delivering cash flow at scale to investments with emissions reduction benefits in developing countries. Although cash flows have largely dried up, the need for earning operational premiums on assets with lower emission profiles than their traditional investment alternatives is intact. Cash flows must not be confused with financing, and although sometimes labeled ‘results-based financing’ (which in…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Ecosystems - Benefits, Barriers and Decision‐Making Ecosystems are central to the livelihoods of many people and at the same time highly vulnerable to climate change. This research, which focuses on ecosystems and land use, investigates how households dependent on ecosystems can benefit from climate change adaptation and mitigation. Adaptation and mitigation are two different approaches to minimising the impact and extent of climate change. The possible synergy between adaptation and mitigation is a topic that is currentlyattracting increasing…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Governing Transformation towards Low-carbon Societies: An ideational perspective from developing countries Securing a low-carbon future will require a multitude of ‘low-carbon transformations’. The issues are how such transformations are imagined and framed, along which pathways and who steers them, including the very basic question of what decisions are made to transform the present challenges to climate change governance. Understanding of the politics of these governance challenges is important in explaining which pathways are supported or delegitimised and which are ignored and fail to get off…
• Publication 16 August 2021 Rural electrification through private models: the case of solar-powered mini-grid development in Kenya: Exploring the hybrid nature of private business models and the interplay between new players and existing structures in the Kenyan rural electrificatio In Sub-Saharan Africa more than 630 million people live without access to electricity. Access to modern energy services like phone-charging, electric lighting, cooling, heating, etc. is an important enabler of social and economic development and human well-being. Renewable energy-based electrification solutions that deliver power through a decentralised mini-grid to village communities have gained in prominence as a supplementary path to achievinguniversal access in the realisation that, in…
• Publication 16 August 2021 How to use SVMAs to reduce the Carbon Pricing and Climate Finance Gap: numerical illustrations A temporary gap is generated by the difference between the Social Value of Mitigation Activities (SVMA) and implementable carbon prices. A spectrum of options are available to handle this. These options encompass policy instruments that give different weights to ‘command and control’ measures and to economic incentives. We analyze here how to combine an explicit carbon price that rewards mitigation activities every year and a notional price embedded in devices that reward low carbon investments…
• Publication 16 August 2021 The emerging market for pico-scale solar PV systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: From donor-supported niches toward market-based rural electrification

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